Animal Encyclopedia

#Maltese#Mediterranean region

Maltese

A small dog with a straight, long white coat and small, dark eyes and nose

#Toy Poodle#Developed from German hunting dogs, with further breeding and a companion-dog tradition in France

Toy Poodle

A dense, curly coat, a relatively long muzzle and hanging ears are characteristic features

#Pomeranian#Spitz ancestry associated with Pomerania in northern Europe

Pomeranian

A profuse double coat, small upright ears and a tail carried over the back are characteristic features

Chihuahua

Large upright ears, a rounded head and relatively large eyes stand out

#Chihuahua#Mexico

#Shih Tzu#Tibetan ancestry and the companion-dog culture of the Chinese court

Shih Tzu

A short muzzle, a rounded head and long hair growing around the face are characteristic features

#Bichon Frise#A companion dog developed in France and Belgium from Mediterranean ancestry

Bichon Frise

White curly hair and a soft undercoat create a full appearance, contrasting with dark eyes and nose

#Yorkshire Terrier#Yorkshire and the northern industrial regions of Britain

Yorkshire Terrier

Adults typically have blue-gray body hair and a tan face and legs; their color can change from the black and tan of puppyhood

Dachshund

A long torso, short, sturdy legs and long, hanging ears stand out

#Dachshund#Germany

#Papillon#France, Belgium and European small spaniel ancestry

Papillon

Large ears spreading to the sides, long ear fringes, a small torso and a full tail are characteristic features

#Cavalier King Charles Spaniel#United Kingdom

Cavalier King Charles Spaniel

Long, soft ear fringes, feathering on the chest and legs, and relatively large eyes are characteristic features

#Pekingese#The companion-dog culture of the court in Beijing, China

Pekingese

A low, compact torso, a short muzzle and broad head, and abundant hair around the neck and chest are characteristic features

#Miniature Pinscher#Germany

Miniature Pinscher

A smooth, short coat, a sleek, compact body and relatively long legs are characteristic features

#Italian Greyhound#Small sighthound ancestry from the Mediterranean and Italy

Italian Greyhound

A deep chest and tucked-up abdomen, long legs and a long, slender neck, and a short, smooth coat are characteristic features

Shiba Inu

Small erect triangular ears, a curled or upward-curving tail and a thick double coat are characteristic.

#Shiba Inu#Japan

#Pembroke Welsh Corgi#Wales, United Kingdom

Welsh Corgi

Short legs, a long sturdy body, relatively large upright ears and a fox-like head are characteristic.

#Beagle#British scent-hound lineages

Beagle

Long hanging ears, strong legs, a balanced body and a raised tail stand out

#Border Collie#Sheep-farming areas on the Scottish–English border

Border Collie

A balanced medium-sized body, relatively long agile legs and a double coat of varying lengths are seen.

#French Bulldog#Developed from small British bulldogs into a companion dog in France

French Bulldog

Broad erect bat-shaped ears, a short muzzle and a compact muscular body are characteristic.

#English Cocker Spaniel#United Kingdom

Cocker Spaniel

Long drooping ears with soft hair, feathering on the chest, belly and legs, and a sturdy body are characteristic

#Korean Jindo Dog#Jindo, Republic of Korea

Jindo

Upright triangular ears, a firm body, a thick double coat and a raised tail are characteristic

#Miniature Schnauzer#Germany

Miniature Schnauzer

A harsh outer coat, pronounced beard and eyebrows, and a compact, square-looking body are characteristic

#Boston Terrier#Boston, United States

Boston Terrier

A short muzzle, square head, upright ears, short coat and white markings stand out

#Shetland Sheepdog#Shetland Islands, Scotland

Shetland Sheepdog

A long, abundant double coat, neck mane, relatively long narrow head and ears with folded tips are characteristic

#Bull Terrier#United Kingdom

Bull Terrier

A long egg-shaped head with a curved profile, small upright ears, triangular-looking eyes and a muscular body are characteristic

#American Eskimo Dog#Developed in the United States from European spitz stock

American Eskimo Dog

American Eskimo

An abundant white or cream double coat, small upright ears, dark eyes and nose, and a tail carried over the back are typical

Basenji

A short coat, compact body, upright ears, forehead wrinkles and tightly curled tail are characteristic

#Basenji#Central Africa

#Golden Retriever#Scotland

Golden Retriever

Long golden-toned fur, soft ears and feathering on the chest, legs and tail are characteristic.

#Labrador Retriever#Dog lineages from Newfoundland, Canada; registered and developed in Britain

Labrador Retriever

A short, dense double coat, broad head and thick, tapering otter-like tail are typical

#German Shepherd Dog#Germany

German Shepherd

A wedge-shaped head, upright ears, long muzzle, firm body and double coat are characteristic

#Siberian Husky#Sled-dog lines of Siberia in Northeast Asia

Siberian Husky

A thick double coat, upright ears, balanced medium-sized body and bushy tail are characteristic

#Doberman Pinscher#Germany

Doberman

A short smooth coat, long legs, firm balanced body and wedge-shaped head are characteristic

#Samoyed#Working-dog lines of northern Siberia

Samoyed

An abundant double coat in white, cream or biscuit shades, small upright ears and a tail carried toward the back are characteristic

#Alaskan Malamute#Arctic working-dog lines of Alaska

Alaskan Malamute

Heavy bone, a broad head, upright ears, a thick double coat and a bushy tail gently carried over the back are characteristic

#Bernese Mountain Dog#Bern region, Switzerland

Bernese Mountain Dog

A long black coat with tan and white markings, large body, broad head and hanging ears are characteristic

#Dalmatian#Dalmatia and Europe's carriage-dog history

Dalmatian

A short white coat scattered with black or liver spots and balanced long legs are typical

Boxer

A short coat, muscular body, broad head and relatively short muzzle are characteristic

#Boxer#Germany

Irish Setter

A soft long coat of deep reddish brown, hanging ears, long neck and legs, and a slender body are characteristic

#Irish Setter#Ireland

#Standard Poodle#Developed from German water retrievers, refined in France

Standard Poodle

A dense coat that curls or can be grown in cords, a long muzzle and legs, and a balanced body are characteristic

#Afghan Hound#Sighthound lines of Afghanistan and neighboring regions

Afghan Hound

A long neck and legs, streamlined body, long flowing coat and abundant hair on the crown are characteristic

#Saint Bernard#Mountain passes and hospices in the Swiss and Italian Alps

Saint Bernard

A large body, broad head, hanging ears and skin around the mouth, and white and reddish-brown markings are characteristic

Great Dane

Very long legs, great height at the withers, a deep chest, long head and short coat are characteristic

#Great Dane#Germany

#Newfoundland#Newfoundland, Canada

Newfoundland

Heavy bone, a broad head, thick double coat and bushy tail are characteristic

#Great Pyrenees#Pyrenees on the French-Spanish border

Great Pyrenees

A large body, thick white double coat, hanging ears and bushy tail are characteristic

English Mastiff

A very large body, broad head, short muzzle, hanging lips and short coat are characteristic

#Mastiff#United Kingdom

#Tibetan Mastiff#Tibet and neighboring high-altitude regions

Tibetan Mastiff

A large sturdy body, broad head, thick double coat and abundant neck mane are characteristic

Irish Wolfhound

Tall, long legs, a deep chest, relatively long head and rough coat are characteristic

#Irish Wolfhound#Ireland

#Leonberger#Leonberg, Germany

Leonberger

A large body, broad head, abundant neck hair and dark facial coloring are characteristic

Cane Corso

A large muscular body, broad head, relatively short muzzle and dense short coat are characteristic

#Cane Corso#Italy

#Rottweiler#Rottweil, Germany, and livestock-transport regions

Rottweiler

Black coloring with tan markings above the eyes and on muzzle, chest and legs, a broad head and strong body are characteristic

#Komondor#Livestock-guardian lines of Hungary

Komondor

A large body and abundant white coat that separates into thick cords during growth are characteristic

#Anatolian Shepherd Dog#Livestock guardian dog lines of Anatolia, Türkiye

Anatolian Shepherd

Tall stature, a strong bone structure, a broad head, drooping ears and a thick coat are characteristic

#Dogue de Bordeaux#Bordeaux and surrounding areas, France

Dogue de Bordeaux

A broad, large head, facial wrinkles, a relatively short muzzle, drooping lips and a solid body are characteristic

#Domestic short-haired cat#Domestic cat#Consider the individual’s temperament

Korean Shorthair

Korean Shorthair is not the name of a single fixed pedigree breed

#Siamese#Domestic cat#Consider the individual’s temperament

Siamese

Point markings and blue eyes: changes in color are separate from personality

#Russian Blue#Domestic cat#Consider the individual’s temperament

Russian Blue

Observe the silvery blue-gray double coat together with the green eyes

#American Shorthair#Domestic cat#Consider the individual’s temperament

American Shorthair

A short-haired breed defined by more than just silver tabby markings

#British Shorthair#Domestic cat#Consider the individual’s temperament

British Shorthair

Rounded contours and a dense coat: this breed comes in more than blue

#Bengal#Domestic cat#Consider the individual’s temperament

Bengal

Rosette and marbled markings and activity: a wild-looking appearance does not guarantee a temperament

#Abyssinian#Domestic cat#Check the individual’s behavioral tendencies

Abyssinian

A ticked coat and a sleek body; the name alone does not establish an ancient pedigree

#Scottish Fold#Domestic cat#Observe individual temperament

Scottish Fold

Folded ears must be discussed alongside cartilage and joint health

#Persian#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Persian

Consider the long coat and facial shape alongside grooming demands and welfare.

#Ragdoll#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Ragdoll

Blue eyes and pointed markings: the name does not explain pain perception.

#Maine Coon#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Maine Coon

Long fur and a square muzzle: distinguish raccoon-crossing legends from actual origins.

#Norwegian Forest Cat#Domestic cat#Observe individual temperament

Norwegian Forest Cat

A triangular head and abundant double coat; legends are not pedigree evidence

#Munchkin#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Munchkin

Consider the short-legged appearance alongside needs for movement and daily life

#Sphynx#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Sphynx

Sparse hair still leaves needs for skin care and temperature choice, and questions about allergies

#Exotic Shorthair#Domestic cat#Observe individual temperament

Exotic Shorthair

A convenient short coat does not remove facial and eye welfare concerns

#Oriental Shorthair#Domestic cat#Observe individual temperament

Oriental Shorthair

Slender body, large ears and many colors in a shorthaired Oriental

#Burmese#Domestic cat#Check the individual’s behavioral tendencies

Burmese

A short, glossy coat and a solid body; a different breed from the Birman

#Chartreux#Domestic cat#Observe individual temperament

Chartreux

Thick blue-gray coat and copper eyes: distinguish tradition from records

#Egyptian Mau#Domestic cat#Check the individual’s behavioral tendencies

Egyptian Mau

Spots and forehead markings; distinguish ancient wall paintings from modern pedigrees

#Singapura#Domestic cat#Observe individual temperament

Singapura

Small build and sepia ticked coat do not exempt a cat from care

#Tonkinese#Domestic cat#Observe individual temperament

Tonkinese

Read point/body contrast alongside the range of eye and coat colors

#Bombay#Domestic cat#Check the individual’s behavioral tendencies

Bombay

Black fur and copper-colored eyes; this is not a cat crossed with a black panther

#Turkish Angora#Domestic cat#Observe individual temperament

Turkish Angora

A fine body and light, long coat; this breed is not exclusively white

#Somali#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Somali

A ticked, semi-long coat and a full tail; the name does not mean a wild fox

#Birman#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Birman

Blue eyes and white gloves distinguish this semi-long-haired breed from the Burmese

#Siberian#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Siberian

Siberian Cat

A dense, layered coat and a solid body do not guarantee freedom from allergies

#RagaMuffin#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

RagaMuffin

Ragamuffin

A large body and varied coat colors; check registration standards that differ from the Ragdoll’s

#Turkish Van#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Turkish Van

A mostly white body with color on the head and tail; assess the water-loving nickname individually

#Himalayan#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Himalayan

A long-haired cat with points and blue eyes, rather than a wild mountain species

#Balinese#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Balinese

Points and blue eyes; distinguish a dance-inspired name from the actual origin

#Nebelung#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Nebelung

Silvery semi-long fur and green eyes; a distinct name from a long-haired Russian Blue

#Chantilly-Tiffany#Historical breeding lines#Explanatory illustration used

Chantilly-Tiffany

Chantilly-Tiffany through historical records and an explanatory illustration

#Devon Rex#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Devon Rex

Large ears and a short curly coat belong to a lineage distinct from the Cornish Rex

#Cornish Rex#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Cornish Rex

Observe the combination of a short rippled coat and a slender body

#Selkirk Rex#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Selkirk Rex

A full curly coat and a rounded body; coat texture differs among Rex breeds

#American Curl#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

American Curl

Distinguish backward-curled ear tips from folded ears

#Japanese Bobtail#Domestic cat#Observe individual temperament

Japanese Bobtail

A rabbit-like short tail differs from the Manx’s taillessness

#Pixie-bob#Domestic cat#Observe individual temperament

Pixie-bob

Distinguish its short tail and wild-looking form from bobcat-hybrid legends

#Manx#Domestic cat#Observe individual temperament

Manx

Consider tail diversity together with spinal health and daily wellbeing

#Lykoi#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Lykoi

Distinguish the werewolf nickname from an actual domestic cat’s skin and coat structure

#Korat#Domestic cat#Observe individual temperament

Korat

Silver hair tips and green eyes: lucky traditions are not proof of pedigree

#Ocicat#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Ocicat

Ocelot-like spots and the actual origin are separate matters

#Havana Brown#Domestic cat#Assess each individual’s temperament

Havana Brown

Chocolate-colored fur and brown whiskers do not imply an origin in Cuba’s wild cats

#Hanwoo#Republic of Korea

Hanwoo

Hanwoo with a yellow-brown coat are widely recognized

#Holstein Friesian#Dairy regions of the Netherlands and northern Germany

Holstein

Holstein Friesian

Large black-and-white patches are typical, but red-and-white Holsteins also occur

#Texas Longhorn#Texas, United States, and southwestern North America

Texas Longhorn

Long horns extending to the sides stand out, but length and direction of curvature vary greatly with individual and age

#Aberdeen Angus#Northeastern Scotland

Black Angus

A black coat, a naturally hornless head and a relatively well-filled body are typical

Wagyu

The Japanese Black’s black coat is widely recognized, but brown or reddish populations also occur

#Wagyu#Japan

#Highland cattle#The Scottish Highlands and western islands

Highland cattle

Highland Cow

Long outer hair, a thick undercoat, hair over the forehead and long horns are prominent

#Hereford#Herefordshire, United Kingdom

Hereford

A red body and white face are typical distinguishing features, with white also on the belly and legs

#Jersey#Jersey, a British Crown Dependency

Jersey

A relatively small dairy breed with coats from fawn to dark brown and a pale border around the muzzle

#Guernsey#Guernsey, a British Crown Dependency

Guernsey

Fawn-and-white markings are common, and the yellowish color of the milk is explained in relation to beta-carotene

Ayrshire

Red or brown patches appear on white, and some individuals have horns

#Ayrshire#Scotland

#Brahman#Zebu-derived cattle improved in the United States

Brahman

A shoulder hump, large drooping ears and loose skin beneath the neck are characteristic

Belgian Blue

White, blue-gray mottling or black markings occur, and muscles of the hindquarters and shoulders are prominent

#Belgian Blue#Belgium

Galloway

A thick coat and a naturally hornless form are characteristic

#Galloway#Scotland

#Santa Gertrudis#Texas, United States

Santa Gertrudis

Usually red-coated, with some Brahman-derived skin and body-form features

Dexter

A small body with black, red or dun coats

#Dexter#Ireland

Salers

A dark reddish-brown coat and horns are typical

#Salers#Auvergne, France

#Beefmaster#United States

Beefmaster

Appearance is highly variable, including red and spotted coats

#Brangus#Developed in the United States

Brangus

Usually polled, commonly black-coated; Red Brangus are also described separately

#Shorthorn#Northeastern United Kingdom

Shorthorn

Red, white or roan coats mixing hairs of the two colors occur

Chianina

Adults generally have white hair and dark skin, with long legs and a large build

#Chianina#Italy

#Piedmontese#Piedmont, Italy

Piedmontese

Adults are grayish white, while young calves may be fawn

Gelbvieh

The name means yellow cattle, with yellow-brown shades being traditional

#Gelbvieh#Germany

Red Poll

A red coat and naturally hornless form are typical

#Red Poll#Britain

#Yak#Central Asian highlands

Yak

Long hair, a thick body, short legs and horns are characteristic.

#Water buffalo#South Asia, Southeast Asia and livestock-raising regions

Water buffalo

Water Buffalo

A large body, curved horns and relatively sparse hair are characteristic, with differences between river and swamp forms

#Bison bison#North America

American bison

American Bison

High shoulders, thick hair on the forequarters and short curved horns are characteristic

#Zebu#Domesticated and dispersed from South Asia

Zebu

A hump near the shoulders, loose skin beneath the neck and relatively large ears are typical.

#Normande#Normandy, France

Normande

Red or brown markings on white and frequently dark patches around the eyes are typical

#Nelore#Improved in Brazil and elsewhere from Indian-derived zebu

Nelore

White or pale gray coats, a shoulder hump and skin below the neck are common

#Thoroughbred#Racing bloodlines developed in the United Kingdom

Thoroughbred

Long legs, a relatively streamlined body, a long neck and defined muscles create a typical impression

#Jeju horse#Jeju, Republic of Korea

Jeju horse

Jeju Horse

Compared with large racehorses, the body is smaller and compact and the legs look relatively short

#Shire horse#United Kingdom

Shire

Great height at the withers, a deep body, long legs and abundant hair over the lower legs stand out

#Arabian horse#Equestrian cultures of the Arabian Peninsula and West Asia

Arabian

A relatively small head, large eyes, an apparently concave facial profile and a high-carried tail are typical descriptions

#Clydesdale horse#Clyde Valley, Scotland

Clydesdale

A large body, long legs and abundant hair below the fetlocks are characteristic

#Mustang#Free-ranging domestic horse populations of western North America

Mustang

Build and coat color vary among populations, including bay, black, gray and spotted appearances

#American Paint Horse#United States

American Paint Horse

Large areas of white and another coat color form distinctive patterns that vary between individuals

Andalusian

A substantial neck, abundant mane and balanced body are characteristic features

#Andalusian#Spain

#Lipizzan#Central European lines associated with the Lipica stud

Lipizzan

Lipizzaner

Light gray coats are common in adults, while foals are often born dark and become lighter as they grow

Morgan

A relatively compact body, powerful neck and balanced legs are characteristic features

#Morgan#United States

#Tennessee Walking Horse#Tennessee, United States

Tennessee Walking Horse

Tennessee Walker

Coat colors vary; the running walk is a more important distinguishing feature than body shape

#Standardbred#Developed in the United States

Standardbred

Several solid coat colors occur, and the body has been selected for racing and pulling a vehicle

Akhal-Teke

A slender body, long neck and short, smooth coat are characteristic

#Akhal-Teke#Turkmenistan

#Haflinger#Tyrol in the Alps

Haflinger

A chestnut coat with a light mane and tail is characteristic

Norwegian Fjord

Fjord Horse

Dun coat colors and a dark stripe along the back are characteristic

#Norwegian Fjord#Norway

#Percheron#Perche, France

Percheron

A large, muscular body and relatively strong legs are characteristic; black and gray coats are well known

#Suffolk Punch#Suffolk, England

Suffolk Punch

A chestnut coat, deep body and powerful shoulders are characteristic

#Dutch Warmblood#The Netherlands

Dutch Warmblood

Selection criteria for build differ by purpose, such as dressage or jumping

#Hanoverian#Hanover region, Germany

Hanoverian

Coat colors vary and the body is solidly built; balance between the head, neck and legs is considered in registration and assessment

#Holsteiner#Schleswig-Holstein, Germany

Holsteiner

Selection emphasizes muscles and leg structure suited to sport, while coat color and size vary between individuals

#Oldenburg#Oldenburg, Germany

Oldenburg

Modern selection favors a body suited to sport, with diverse bloodlines and coat colors

#Trakehner#Former East Prussia

Trakehner

A relatively refined head and balanced riding conformation are characteristic

#Shetland Pony#Shetland Islands, Scotland

Shetland Pony

Low height at the withers, a compact body and a thick coat are characteristic

#Welsh Pony and Cob#Wales

Welsh Pony

Build ranges widely, from small ponies to larger cobs

Icelandic Horse

A thick coat, abundant mane and various coat colors occur

#Icelandic Horse#Iceland

#Paso Fino#Developed in the Caribbean and Latin America

Paso Fino

Colors and sizes vary; the distinctive four-beat gait matters more than appearance

#Marwari#Rajasthan, India

Marwari

Marwari Horse

Inward-curving ear tips that approach one another are a characteristic feature

#Pinto#Several breeds and regions

Pinto horse

Pinto Horse

Different pattern names describe the positions and edges of white patches

#Camargue#Camargue, France

Camargue Horse

Adults are commonly gray, while foals are born dark.

Falabella

Adults retain a very small height at the withers, with varied coat colors.

#Falabella#Argentina

#Miniature pig#Several domestic pig breeds and small lines

Miniature pig

Miniature Pig

Coat color, ear shape and proportions of the snout and body differ between lines

#Berkshire pig#Berkshire, England

Berkshire

A black body with white on the face, feet and tail tip, together with upright ears, is characteristic

Duroc

Coats range from light reddish brown to deep red-brown, and forward-drooping ears are characteristic

#Duroc pig#United States

#Sus scrofa#Native to Eurasia; introduced to several regions

Wild boar

Wild Boar

A long snout, coarse hair and a substantial neck and forequarters are characteristic

#Hampshire pig#Developed in the United States from British pig ancestry

Hampshire

A white belt across the shoulders and forelegs of a black body, with upright ears, is characteristic

#Landrace pig#Registered populations in several countries developed from Danish ancestry

Landrace pig

Landrace

Light skin, white hair, a long body and forward-drooping ears are characteristic

#Chester White#Pennsylvania, United States

Chester White

White hair and drooping ears are characteristic

#Poland China#Ohio, United States

Poland China

A black body with white on the face, feet and tail tip, and drooping ears, is characteristic

Spotted pig

Spotted Pig

Irregular black-and-white patches and drooping ears are characteristic

#Spotted#United States

Mangalica

Curly hair is characteristic, with lines of different coat colors and patterns.

#Mangalica#Hungary

#Kunekune#Developed and conserved in New Zealand

Kunekune

A short snout and varied coat colors occur, with some individuals having fleshy hanging projections beneath the jaw.

Meishan

Skin folds, large drooping ears and dark skin are conspicuous

#Meishan#China

#Red Wattle#United States

Red Wattle

A red coat and a pair of hanging projections beneath the neck are characteristic

Mulefoot

An undivided, fused-looking hoof is the principal distinguishing feature

#Mulefoot#United States

#Ossabaw Island#Ossabaw Island, Georgia, United States

Ossabaw Island pig

Ossabaw Island

Size and coat color vary, with a selection history different from commercial meat pigs

#Gloucestershire Old Spots#Gloucestershire, England

Gloucestershire Old Spots

Black spots on a white body and large drooping ears are characteristic

Large Black

The body and skin are black, and large drooping ears sometimes partly cover the eyes

#Large Black#Britain

Middle White

A short, upturned snout, white body and upright ears are characteristic

#Middle White#Britain

#British Saddleback#Britain

British Saddleback

A white belt crosses the shoulders and forelegs of the black body, and the ears droop

#Schwäbisch-Hällisches#Schwäbisch Hall, Germany

Swabian-Hall Pig

Swabian-Hall

A typical pattern contrasts a black head and hindquarters with a light-colored middle

Turopolje

Dark spots on a light background and drooping ears are characteristic

#Turopolje#Croatia

#Jeju native pig#Jeju, Republic of Korea

Jeju black pig

Jeju Black Pig

Black skin and hair are characteristic, with size and form differing from modern selectively bred pigs

#North Sulawesi babirusa#Sulawesi, Indonesia

Babirusa

Males have striking upper canine teeth that grow through the snout's skin, extend upward and curve backward

#Phacochoerus africanus#Sub-Saharan Africa

Common warthog

Warthog

Facial projections, tusks and a mane along the body are characteristic

#Potamochoerus larvatus#Africa

Bushpig

Coarse hair, a long snout and pale facial areas; coat color varies with age and region

#Pecari tajacu#The Americas

Collared peccary

Collared Peccary

Dark hair with a light band near the neck and shoulders gives the animal its name

#Porcula salvania#Grasslands of Assam, India

Pygmy hog

Pygmy Hog

A small body and dark hair make it inconspicuous among tall grasses

Tamworth pig

Tamworth Pig

A reddish-brown coat, long snout and upright ears are characteristic

#Tamworth#Britain

Danish Landrace

A white body, long trunk and forward-drooping ears are characteristic

#Danish Landrace#Denmark

#American Yorkshire#Developed in the United States from British pig ancestry

American Yorkshire

A white body and upright ears are characteristic

#Lagomorphs#Herbivory#Burrow life

Rabbit

Domestic rabbit ecology rooted in burrows and social life

#Stripes#Cheek pouches#Food caching

Siberian chipmunk

Squirrel

A chipmunk distinguished by back stripes and cheek pouches

#Livestock#Rumination#Group living

Domestic sheep

Sheep

Social grazing animals understood through more than their wool

#Golden hamster#Solitary living#Burrowing

Golden hamster

Hamster

A golden hamster with a short tail and cheek pouches

#Guinea pig#Social behavior#Herbivory

Guinea pig

Guinea Pig

A domestic grazing rodent that communicates through sounds

#Spines#Nocturnal activity#Insect prey

Four-toed hedgehog

Hedgehog

A four-toed hedgehog with protective spines and nocturnal exploration

#Mongoose family#Cooperation#Burrows

Meerkat

A meerkat using dry landscapes through burrows and cooperative living

#Rodent#Semiaquatic#Group living

Capybara

A large social rodent moving between water and grassland

#Bear family#Bamboo#Mountain forests

Giant Panda

A black-and-white bear adapted to bamboo forests

#Marsupial#Eucalyptus#Arboreal life

Koala

A marsupial that feeds on leaves in eucalyptus forests

#Cat family#Pride#Predator

Lion

Understanding lions through pride relationships and open habitats

#Stripes#Cat family#Solitary life

Tiger

Understanding stripes and solitary life within the tiger's habitat

#African elephant#Trunk#Family group

Elephant

The African savanna elephant explores its environment with large ears and a trunk

#Red panda family#Tree life#Bamboo

Red panda

Red Panda

Mountain forest life with red fur and a ringed tail

#Mustelid#Semiaquatic#Rivers

Eurasian Otter

Otter

An otter that needs both aquatic food and shelters on land

#Rodent#Rock crevices#Dust bathing

Long-tailed chinchilla

Chinchilla

A long-tailed chinchilla with dense fur and a life among rock crevices

#Mustelid family#Domestication#Exploration

Domestic ferret

Ferret

A domestic mustelid exploring narrow passages

#Marsupial#Gliding membrane#Nocturnal activity

Sugar glider

Sugar Glider

A small marsupial gliding with a skin membrane rather than wings

#Camelid#Livestock#Group living

Alpaca

An alpaca with highland domestic life and varied fiber

Llama

Andean livestock with a history of travel and carrying loads

#Camelid#Andes#Livestock

#Dromedary#Fat storage#Livestock

Dromedary camel

Camel

A dromedary storing fat in one hump

#Giraffe family#Long neck#Leaves

Northern giraffe

Giraffe

A giraffe connecting a long neck with feeding on high leaves

#Horse family#Stripes#Herbivory

Plains zebra

Zebra

The social life of plains zebras beyond their stripes

#Marsupial#Red kangaroo#Hopping

Red kangaroo

Kangaroo

A red kangaroo's tail used in both hopping and slow walking

#Deer family#No antlers#Herbivore

Water Deer

A small deer distinguished by long canine teeth instead of antlers

#Dog family#Dark facial markings#Omnivore

Common Raccoon Dog

An omnivorous canid with dark markings around the eyes

#Tree sparrow#Seeds#Insects

Eurasian Tree Sparrow

Tree Sparrow

A sparrow with a brown crown and black cheek spots

#Eurasian eagle-owl#Nocturnal#Ear tufts

Owl (Eurasian Eagle-Owl)

Owl

Understanding owls through the tufted, nocturnally hunting Eurasian eagle-owl

#Falcon family#Peregrine falcon#Aerial hunting

Peregrine Falcon

A peregrine falcon's pointed wings and aerial hunting

#Kingfisher#Small fish#Riverbanks

Common Kingfisher

Kingfisher

A small kingfisher that needs clear water and earthen banks

#Mallard#Surface feeding#Domestication

Duck

Waterside life, distinguishing mallards from domestic duck lineages

#Crow family#Long tail#Black-and-white plumage

Oriental Magpie

An East Asian magpie recognized by black-and-white plumage and a long tail

#Tyrannosaurus rex#An extinct animal studied through fossils#Distinguish reconstruction from evidence

Tyrannosaurus

Tyrannosaurus Rex

Reading Tyrannosaurus’s huge jaws and bipedal movement from fossils

#Triceratops#Extinct animal studied through fossils#Distinguish reconstruction from evidence

Triceratops

A latest-Cretaceous ceratopsian with three horns and a broad frill

#Brachiosaurus altithorax#Extinct animal studied through fossils#Distinguish reconstruction from evidence

Brachiosaurus

A sauropod distinguished by long forelimbs and high shoulders

#Stegosaurus#Extinct animal studied through fossils#Distinguish reconstruction from evidence

Stegosaurus

A stegosaur whose back plates and tail spikes merit separate attention

#Pogona vitticeps#Arid and semiarid inland Australia#Observe species-specific ecology

Bearded Dragon

A lizard with beard-like scales and head and foreleg signals

#Pantherophis guttatus#North America, centered on the southeastern United States#Observe species-specific ecology

Corn Snake

Consider the checkered belly alongside the ecology of catching rodents

#Chelonia mydas#Green turtles of tropical and subtropical seas as the representative species#Observe species-specific ecology

Sea Turtle

Distinguish sea turtles generally from the green turtle's diet

#Chamaeleo calyptratus#A representative species from the southwestern Arabian Peninsula#Observe species-specific ecology

Chameleon

Chameleon color change means more than copying background colors

#Dryophytes japonicus#East Asia, including the Korean Peninsula and Japan#Observe species-specific ecology

Japanese Tree Frog

Tree Frog

Rounded toe tips and breeding calls: the tree frog encountered in Korea

#Hynobius leechii#Salamanders of the Korean Peninsula and northeastern China#Observe species-specific ecology

Korean Salamander

Close species in Hynobius are not easily distinguished by appearance alone

#Ambystoma mexicanum#Xochimilco waterways, Mexico#Observe species-specific ecology

Axolotl (Wooper Looper)

Axolotl

A Mexican aquatic salamander retaining external gills at maturity

#Dendrobates tinctorius#The Guianas region and surrounding forests of northeastern South America#Observe species-specific ecology

Poison Dart Frog

Distinguish poison dart frogs generally from the dyeing poison frog's colors and life cycle

#Freshwater#Domestic varieties#Carp family

Goldfish

Distinguishing wild-type forms and domestic goldfish varieties

#Freshwater#Livebearing#Sexual dimorphism

Guppy

A guppy with marked differences between sexes and captive lines

#Marine#Clownfish#Sea anemone

Clownfish (Nemo)

Clownfish

A representative clownfish species associated with sea anemones